Table of Contents

Mastering .38 Special Reloads: A Comprehensive Guide for Precision and Performance

Are you looking to elevate your shooting experience with the .38 Special cartridge? Reloading your own ammunition offers significant advantages, including improved accuracy, customized performance, and cost savings. This comprehensive guide will provide you with the knowledge and techniques necessary to safely and effectively reload .38 Special cartridges, ensuring consistent and reliable results. Whether you’re a seasoned handloader or just starting out, this resource will equip you with the expertise to master the art of .38 Special reloads.

Understanding the .38 Special Cartridge and Reloading Basics

The .38 Special is a venerable cartridge with a long and storied history, dating back to its introduction in 1902. Originally designed for revolvers, it has gained popularity in lever-action rifles as well. Understanding its nuances is crucial for safe and effective reloading.

A Deep Dive into the .38 Special

The .38 Special is a centerfire cartridge, meaning the primer is located in the center of the cartridge case head. It is typically loaded with lead bullets, but jacketed and plated bullets are also common. The cartridge operates at relatively low pressures, making it a comfortable and manageable round to shoot, even in lightweight revolvers. This also makes it a good choice for reloaders just starting out. However, it’s important to note that .38 Special is NOT the same as .38 S&W or .38 Long Colt. Loading data is NOT interchangeable.

The Advantages of Reloading .38 Special

Cost Savings: Reloading allows you to significantly reduce the cost per round, especially if you shoot frequently.
Customization: Tailor your ammunition to your specific firearm and shooting needs, optimizing for accuracy, recoil, and intended use.
Improved Accuracy: Handloading allows you to achieve tighter tolerances and more consistent ammunition, leading to improved accuracy.
Component Availability: During ammunition shortages, having the ability to reload ensures you can continue to shoot.

Essential Equipment and Components for .38 Special Reloads

Successful reloading requires the right equipment and high-quality components. Investing in reliable tools and components will contribute to safer and more consistent reloads.

Key Reloading Equipment

Reloading Press: A single-stage press is ideal for beginners, offering precise control over each step. Progressive presses are faster but require more experience.
Dies: A set of .38 Special reloading dies typically includes a sizing die, a belling die (also called an expander die), a seating die, and a crimping die. Carbide dies are recommended, as they do not require lubrication of the case.
Priming Tool: Used to seat new primers into the cartridge case. Hand priming tools offer better feel than those on the press.
Powder Measure: Dispenses accurate charges of powder. A powder scale is essential for verifying the accuracy of your powder measure.
Calipers: Used to measure case length and overall cartridge length.
Case Tumbler: Cleans cartridge cases, removing dirt and grime, which improves the lifespan of your dies.
Loading Blocks: Holds cartridge cases during various stages of the reloading process.

Essential Reloading Components

Cartridge Cases: Use only high-quality brass cases specifically designed for .38 Special. Inspect each case for damage or defects before reloading.
Primers: Small pistol primers are used for .38 Special. Use only primers that are specifically recommended for reloading.
Powder: Select a powder specifically designed for handgun cartridges, such as Alliant Bullseye, Accurate No. 2, or Hodgdon HP-38. Consult a reputable reloading manual for recommended powder charges.
Bullets: Choose bullets that are appropriate for your intended use, such as lead, jacketed, or plated bullets. Ensure the bullet diameter is correct for your firearm (.357 inches).

The Reloading Process: A Step-by-Step Guide

Reloading is a meticulous process that requires attention to detail and adherence to safety guidelines. Follow these steps carefully to ensure safe and effective reloads.

Step 1: Case Preparation

Begin by inspecting all your cases. Discard any with cracks, splits, or other damage. Tumble the cases to remove any dirt or debris. This is crucial for smooth operation in your dies. After cleaning, lubricate the cases if you are using steel dies. Carbide dies do not require lubrication.

Step 2: Decapping and Resizing

Use the resizing die to remove the spent primer and resize the case to the correct dimensions. This step ensures the case will fit properly in your firearm’s chamber. Ensure the case is fully inserted into the die and that the ram is fully raised to properly resize the case.

Step 3: Priming

Insert a new primer into the primer pocket using a priming tool. Ensure the primer is seated flush with the case head or slightly below. A high primer can cause a slam fire.

Step 4: Powder Charging

Using a powder measure, dispense the correct amount of powder into the case. Double-check the powder charge with a powder scale to ensure accuracy. This is the most critical step in the reloading process, as overcharging or undercharging can be dangerous. Always consult a reputable reloading manual for recommended powder charges.

Step 5: Bullet Seating

Place a bullet on top of the case mouth and use the seating die to seat the bullet to the correct depth. Consult a reloading manual for the recommended seating depth. Proper seating depth is important for accuracy and consistent performance. The bullet should be firmly seated in the case, but not so deep that it compresses the powder excessively.

Step 6: Crimping

Use the crimping die to crimp the case mouth onto the bullet. Crimping helps to prevent bullet setback during recoil, which can affect accuracy and safety. The amount of crimp will vary depending on the bullet type and intended use. A light to moderate crimp is generally sufficient for .38 Special reloads.

Optimizing .38 Special Reloads for Accuracy and Performance

Achieving optimal accuracy and performance with .38 Special reloads requires careful attention to detail and a willingness to experiment with different components and techniques.

Bullet Selection

The type of bullet you choose will have a significant impact on accuracy and performance. Lead bullets are generally less expensive and easier to load, but they can lead to leading in the barrel if not properly lubricated. Jacketed bullets offer better accuracy and reduced leading, but they are more expensive. Plated bullets are a good compromise between lead and jacketed bullets, offering good accuracy and reduced leading at a moderate cost.

Powder Selection

The type of powder you choose will also affect accuracy and performance. Faster-burning powders, such as Alliant Bullseye, are generally preferred for light target loads, while slower-burning powders, such as Hodgdon HP-38, are better suited for heavier loads. Experiment with different powders to find the one that works best in your firearm.

Primer Selection

While less critical than bullet and powder selection, primer selection can still have a subtle impact on accuracy. Some reloaders prefer to use magnum primers for .38 Special reloads, especially when using slower-burning powders. However, magnum primers can increase pressure, so it’s important to reduce the powder charge accordingly. Consult a reloading manual for specific recommendations.

Case Weight Sorting

For maximum accuracy, some reloaders sort their cases by weight. This is based on the premise that cases with similar weights will have similar internal volumes, which can lead to more consistent powder charges and improved accuracy. While this is a time-consuming process, it can be beneficial for precision shooting.

Bullet Seating Depth

The seating depth of the bullet can also affect accuracy. Experiment with different seating depths to find the one that works best in your firearm. A slight change in seating depth can sometimes make a noticeable difference in accuracy.

Safety Considerations for .38 Special Reloads

Reloading ammunition is inherently dangerous, and it’s crucial to follow all safety guidelines to prevent accidents. Always wear safety glasses when reloading. Never smoke or eat while reloading. Keep your reloading area clean and organized. Store powder and primers in a safe place, away from heat and open flames. Double-check all powder charges to ensure accuracy. Consult a reputable reloading manual for recommended powder charges. If you’re unsure about any aspect of the reloading process, seek guidance from an experienced handloader.

Common Reloading Mistakes to Avoid

Double Charging: This occurs when two powder charges are dispensed into a single case, which can lead to a catastrophic failure of the firearm.
Using the Wrong Powder: Using a powder that is not recommended for .38 Special can lead to dangerous pressures.
Overcharging: Using too much powder can also lead to dangerous pressures.
Undercharging: Using too little powder can result in a squib load, where the bullet becomes lodged in the barrel.
Using Damaged Cases: Using cases with cracks, splits, or other damage can lead to case failure and injury.
Failing to Wear Safety Glasses: Reloading can generate sparks and debris, which can cause eye injuries.

Reviewing the Lyman 50th Edition Reloading Handbook

The Lyman 50th Edition Reloading Handbook is an invaluable resource for any reloader, and its .38 Special section is no exception. This handbook provides a wealth of information, including detailed load data for a wide variety of bullets and powders, as well as comprehensive instructions on reloading techniques. The handbook also includes helpful articles on various aspects of reloading, such as bullet casting and case preparation. Our extensive experience with the Lyman handbook shows it to be a trustworthy reference.

Key Features of the Lyman 50th Edition

Extensive Load Data: The handbook provides load data for a wide variety of bullets and powders, allowing you to customize your reloads to your specific needs.
Comprehensive Instructions: The handbook includes detailed instructions on all aspects of the reloading process, from case preparation to bullet seating.
Helpful Articles: The handbook includes helpful articles on various aspects of reloading, such as bullet casting and case preparation.
Updated Information: The Lyman 50th Edition is regularly updated to reflect the latest developments in reloading technology and techniques.
Trustworthy Source: Lyman has been a trusted source of reloading information for over a century.

Advantages of Reloading .38 Special for Specific Applications

The benefits of reloading extend beyond cost savings. Tailoring your .38 Special reloads can significantly improve performance in various shooting disciplines.

Target Shooting

Reloading allows you to create highly accurate target loads that are optimized for your specific firearm. By carefully selecting bullets, powders, and primers, you can achieve tighter groups and improved scores. Many competitive shooters rely on handloaded ammunition to gain a competitive edge. Users consistently report that customized target loads significantly improve their scores.

Self-Defense

Reloading allows you to create self-defense loads that are specifically designed to meet your needs. By selecting bullets that offer good penetration and expansion, you can create ammunition that is effective at stopping threats. However, it is important to note that using handloaded ammunition for self-defense may have legal implications in some jurisdictions. Consult with an attorney to ensure compliance with all applicable laws. It is generally recommended to use factory ammunition for self-defense purposes to avoid legal complications.

Hunting (Small Game)

While not typically considered a hunting cartridge, the .38 Special can be effective for small game hunting when loaded with appropriate bullets. Reloading allows you to create loads that are optimized for hunting specific game animals. For example, you can use lead bullets for hunting squirrels or rabbits. Be sure to check local regulations regarding the use of lead bullets for hunting.

Expert Insights on Optimizing .38 Special Performance

To further enhance your understanding and skills in .38 Special reloading, let’s address some frequently asked questions that often arise among reloaders:

Q: What’s the best powder for achieving consistent velocities in .38 Special reloads?

A: Powders like Alliant Bullseye and Accurate No. 2 are known for their consistent burn rates in .38 Special, leading to more uniform velocities. However, the ideal powder depends on your specific bullet weight and desired velocity range. Always start with the minimum recommended charge and work up gradually, monitoring for pressure signs.

Q: How important is case trimming for .38 Special, given its relatively low pressure?

A: While not as critical as in high-pressure rifle cartridges, case trimming can still improve consistency in .38 Special reloads. Over time, cases can stretch, leading to variations in crimp and bullet seating depth. Trimming cases to a uniform length ensures consistent crimps and improves accuracy.

Q: What are some common pressure signs to look for when developing .38 Special loads?

A: Common pressure signs include flattened primers, difficult extraction, and excessive recoil. If you observe any of these signs, immediately reduce the powder charge. It’s crucial to prioritize safety and never exceed the maximum recommended powder charge.

Q: Can I use .357 Magnum load data for .38 Special reloads?

A: Absolutely not. .357 Magnum operates at significantly higher pressures than .38 Special. Using .357 Magnum load data in .38 Special can result in a catastrophic failure of the firearm.

Q: What’s the best way to minimize leading when using lead bullets in .38 Special?

A: Using properly sized bullets, ensuring adequate bullet lubrication, and keeping velocities within recommended limits are key to minimizing leading. Hard cast bullets also tend to lead less than soft lead bullets.

Q: How does bullet weight affect the choice of powder for .38 Special reloads?

A: Heavier bullets generally require slower-burning powders to achieve optimal performance, while lighter bullets typically perform best with faster-burning powders. Consult a reloading manual for specific recommendations based on your bullet weight.

Q: What’s the significance of the crimp in .38 Special reloads?

A: Crimping is essential for preventing bullet setback during recoil, which can affect accuracy and safety. A proper crimp also helps to ensure consistent powder ignition. The amount of crimp will vary depending on the bullet type and intended use.

Q: How often should I clean my reloading dies?

A: Reloading dies should be cleaned regularly to remove any dirt, grime, or powder residue. This will help to ensure smooth operation and prevent damage to the dies. Clean your dies every few hundred rounds, or more frequently if necessary.

Q: What are the advantages of using a chronograph when reloading .38 Special?

A: A chronograph allows you to measure the velocity of your reloads, which can help you to optimize your loads for accuracy and performance. By measuring velocity, you can identify loads that are inconsistent or that are not performing as expected.

Q: What is the best way to store reloaded .38 Special ammunition?

A: Reloaded ammunition should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from heat and direct sunlight. Ammunition cans or plastic storage containers are ideal for storing reloaded ammunition. Be sure to label your ammunition clearly with the bullet type, powder charge, and date of reloading.

Elevating Your Shooting Through Reloading

Mastering the art of .38 Special reloads offers a rewarding path to enhanced accuracy, customized performance, and significant cost savings. By understanding the nuances of the cartridge, investing in quality equipment, and adhering to strict safety guidelines, you can unlock the full potential of your .38 Special firearm. Embrace the journey of experimentation and refinement, and you’ll discover the satisfaction of creating ammunition that perfectly suits your shooting needs. Share your insights and experiences with .38 Special reloads in the comments below, and let’s continue to learn and grow together in this fascinating pursuit.